AURANGZEB THROUGH THE EYES OF KHUSHAL KHAN KHATTAK: A PASHTUN PERSPECTIVE

Abstract

This research explores the portrayal of Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb through the eyes of Khushal Khan Khattak, a 17th-century Pashtun poet-warrior, whose perspective offers a critical lens on Mughal-Afghan relations. Initially a loyal ally of Aurangzeb, Khushal’s outlook evolved dramatically following his imprisonment. Through a qualitative analysis of his poetry and historical sources, this study examines Khushal’s depiction of Aurangzeb as a tyrannical and duplicitous ruler. Khushal Khan Khattak condemns Aurangzeb’s actions—such as imprisoning his father, Shah Jahan, and executing his brothers—as evidence of a power-hungry despot whose outward piety masked cruelty and injustice. The research highlights Aurangzeb’s mistrustful policies toward Afghan chiefs. By focusing on Khushal’s perspective and portrayal of Aurangzeb, this study illuminates the complexities of Mughal-Afghan relations and contributes a distinct Pashtun viewpoint to the historiography of Aurangzeb’s reign.