DRENCHED INEQUALITIES: EXPLORING THE GENDERED CONSEQUENCES OF FLOOD DISASTERS IN PAKISTAN

Abstract

Natural disasters have consistently posed significant challenges to human societies; however, not everyone is equally affected by these disasters. Biological, sociological, and cultural variables all work together to make women more vulnerable than men. This study examines the various ways women are exposed during and after natural disasters. Beyond physical risks, women also endure psychological and emotional hardships, heightened stress, anxiety, and exposure to gender-based violence in post-disaster settings. Limited access to healthcare, clean water, and reproductive services further exacerbates their challenges. Despite these obstacles, women play critical yet undervalued roles in disaster response and recovery efforts through their knowledge of local networks and community support. The study indicates that only inclusive disaster management strategies, which address gender-specific vulnerabilities, can improve community resilience and ensure equitable recovery outcomes.