FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION VS. STATE CENSORSHIP IN PAKISTAN: A CONSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL ANALYSIS

Abstract

This paper is an inquiry into the rather problematic correlation of the fundamental right to freedom of expression outlined in the Constitution and the legal structures of state censorship in Pakistan. Even though Article 19 and Article 19A of the Constitution provide the right to free speech and access to information, vaguely phrased laws, excessive state regulations, and unspoken coercions tend to limit such freedoms. The paper discusses the historic development of media laws, landmark judgments by the courts, and international commitments defining the free speech environment in Pakistan. It also raises the discrepancies between constitutional promises and the reality of enforcement. The paper also attempts to show how the prevailing legal frameworks comprised of the Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act 2016 and sedition laws do interfere with democratic processes and limit the freedom of journalists. At the end of the paper, the author suggests some legal reforms, tighter judicial supervision, and institutional openness as key measures to protecting the main human rights in Pakistan.