THE MODERATING ROLE OF GENDER WITH ONLINE POLITICAL ACTIVITY AND OFFLINE POLITICAL ENGAGEMENT: A SURVEY STUDY

Abstract

This research study explores the link between online political activity and offline political engagement, focusing on the moderating role of gender. A purposive sampling technique was used to collect data from Bahria and NUML University Islamabad, with a sample size of 386 students. A quantitative research approach  was applied, utilizing survey analysis. The questionnaire was distributed among students, and data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS. The study first assessed missing values, followed by testing the reliability and validity of the questionnaire. Linear regression analysis in SPSS was used to examine relationships between variables. Results confirmed that online political activity significantly influences offline political engagement. Additionally, gender was a substantial moderator in this relationship, reinforcing the role of demographic factors in political  involvement. Findings suggest that online political activity strongly predicts real-world political engagement, with gender playing a crucial role in shaping this connection.