ASSESSMENT OF HAND HYGIENE PROTOCOL AMONG NURSES AT DHQ HOSPITAL CHARSSADDA

Abstract

Background:

Hand hygiene is one of the most effective and simplest methods for preventing healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), which remain a major global health concern. Despite its proven effectiveness, compliance among healthcare professionals, particularly nurses, often remains suboptimal. In developing countries like Pakistan, inadequate adherence to hand hygiene protocols contributes to increased infection rates, prolonged hospital stays, and higher healthcare costs.

Aims:

This study aimed to assess the knowledge and compliance of nurses regarding hand hygiene protocols at DHQ Hospital Charsadda and to identify demographic and professional factors influencing their adherence to standard practices.

Methods:

A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among nurses working at DHQ Hospital Charsadda. The study was based on the World Health Organization’s “Five Moments for Hand Hygiene” framework. Data were collected through a structured self-administered questionnaire assessing nurses’ knowledge, attitudes, and self-reported hand hygiene practices. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize data, while chi-square tests were applied to explore associations between hand hygiene compliance and demographic variables such as age, education level, and years of experience.

Results:

The findings revealed a moderate level of hand hygiene compliance among nurses. While most participants demonstrated good knowledge of hand hygiene principles, a noticeable gap existed between knowledge and consistent practice. Factors such as education level, gender, and prior hand hygiene training were significantly associated with higher compliance. Reported barriers included inadequate supplies, heavy workload, and lack of monitoring.

Conclusion:

The study underscores the need for continuous education, improved availability of hygiene resources, and strict adherence to WHO hand hygiene guidelines. Strengthening compliance through regular training and institutional support can significantly reduce HAIs, enhance patient safety, and promote a culture of infection control in DHQ Hospital Charsadda.