COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CHRISTIANITY AND ISLAM: THEOLOGICAL, HISTORICAL, AND SOCIOPOLITICAL PERSPECTIVES

Abstract

As the two largest monotheistic faiths globally, Christianity and Islam collectively encompass over half of the world's population. While contemporary geopolitical discourses frequently emphasize their differences, both traditions share deep theological roots as Abrahamic religions recognizing many of the same prophetic figures. This article provides a comprehensive, multi-dimensional comparative analysis of Christianity and Islam, examining their foundational historical developments, core theological doctrines, scriptural frameworks, hermeneutical methodologies, and contemporary sociopolitical manifestations. By exploring these dimensions, this study highlights the profound intersections and distinct theological boundaries—particularly regarding Christology, the mechanics of divine revelation, the development of canonical orthodoxy, and the intersection of religious law and civil statecraft—that define both global faiths, offering a rigorous resource for interfaith dialogue and comparative religious scholarship.