ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, DATA PROTECTION AND TRANSPARENCY: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF GDPR AND CCPA

Abstract

This study explores the relationship between artificial intelligence (AI), data protection, and transparency, focusing on the legal frameworks designed to manage these complexities, particularly the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). As modern technologies become deeply embedded in daily life, privacy, transparency, fairness, and accountability concerns have intensified. This research critically examines the GDPR’s development in the context of AI, assessing its effectiveness in safeguarding privacy, security, and data protection. Furthermore, it compares the GDPR with the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) to highlight the need for a globally harmonized and comprehensive data protection framework. The study ultimately takes an optimistic stance, arguing that the evolving challenges of data privacy can be effectively addressed through continuous legal adaptations, stronger international cooperation, and the integration of ethical principles into AI governance.