Impact Of Instagram Use on Youth Mental Health: Analyzing Social Media Fatigue, Body Image Concerns, and Fomo in Pakistan

Abstract

This study explores the effects of Instagram use on youth mental health in Pakistan, specifically focusing on the mediating roles of Social Media Fatigue, Body Image Concerns, and Fear of Missing Out (FoMO). In the digital age, Instagram has become a ubiquitous platform for self-expression and social interaction; however, its curated nature poses significant psychological risks. Data from recent studies (2022–2024) and primary data collected for this research indicate that high exposure to curated content lowers self-esteem and increases anxiety among adolescents. The study utilized a quantitative research design, analyzing variables such as time spent on the platform, content type, and social comparison tendencies. The findings reveal that FoMO plays a dominant mediating role in the relationship between Instagram usage and mental health deterioration. Furthermore, the study concludes that current media literacy interventions fail to adequately protect users from these psychological impacts. Social media fatigue was also found to significantly contribute to psychological stress. The research contributes to the body of knowledge by identifying specific psychological mechanisms prevalent in the Pakistani context and offers recommendations for policymakers, educational institutions, and youth to promote healthier digital habits.